A DO is a doctor of osteopathic medicine. They are licensed physicians with the same education & training requirements as MDs. They both complete 4-year undergraduate degrees, 4 years of medical school, and 4 years of residency (for adult psychiatry). The D.O.s receive additional training in osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). Both MDs & DOs complete numerous licensing exams. Dr. Crawford’s board certification is from the American Board of Psychiatry & Neurology - which certifies both DO & MD psychiatrists.

Blackhorse Psychiatry is a private pay, out-of-network practice. No insurance is accepted.

Please use the “contact us” section to obtain our fee schedule. Our pricing will be sent to you via email.

Controlled medications are those strictly regulated by the DEA (Drug Enforcement Agency) due to risk of abuse and dependence. Because Blackhorse Psychiatry is online only, it is not safe to prescribe these medications. The following are examples of the medications that cannot be prescribed: benzodiazepines (like xanax, ativan, or valium), z-drugs (like ambien or lunesta), and stimulants (like adderall or ritalin). These medications are NOT prescribed by Blackhorse Psychiatry.